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He who stops is lost, as an old saying goes I don't know exactly what the origins are, so here's a new Zamnesia season. We are in the middle of winter and despite growing in an area that isn't the warmest in Europe, it's really cold now. It's 16-18 degrees Celsius in the house and we need to bring the temperature of the propagator growbox between 20 and 25 degrees Celsius. So we first placed a layer of those 1 cm thick "rubberized" floors that are used for gyms, they are easily found on Amazon and are very useful for insulation. Then a heated resistance mat and then the closed propagator on top. Inside with our seedlings and the light on at minimum 20% we reached 24 degrees, not bad in fact the germination is proceeding very well. 100% opening of the seeds in water and almost all of them are opening in our biodegradable peat pots. ----- Our Rainbow Sherbet has a beautiful package of seeds, colorful that really makes you want to grow it. The genetic conditions are all there and at birth everything went smoothly like hemp oil. If you have placenta problems read below. It is an indica predominance if it does well we will send it to the AWC competition and see what happens. WARNING: Placenta Problems ---- ALWAYS look very carefully at the seedlings, if the seed or the placenta prevent the opening of the cotyledon leaves the plant dies after a while. Remove it delicately as if it were a condom or almost. I apologize for the example but it gives the idea to remove slowly delicately please. WARNING: If you choose biodegradable pots choose the largest possible and not paper/cardboard ones there are peat which is the main component of most of the soil we use. If you want to avoid transmitting vibrations to your neighbors I recommend you install one of these gym floors under your growboxes, I did it and I also feel safer not to disturb. They are easily found on Amazon in different thicknesses, I took a gym model that is assembled like a puzzle, they are also found in children's shops, they are those floors that are assembled to make children play safely, or to train and to avoid vibrations from equipment or of any kind. Everything will be grown Plagron Pro Mix with 100% fertilizers let's start with Power Roots 1 Ml/l Plagron fertilizers are available on Zamnesia in convenient Pack formats for all growing styles. I used this with a simple search you can find the other products. ---- https://www.zamnesia.io/en/12119-plagron-top-grow-box-100-natural.html Try a seed of this strain that drives us crazy... ---- https://www.zamnesia.io/en/11230-zamnesia-seeds-rainbow-sherbet-automatic.html Zamnesia Description // A cross between Pink Guava, Sunset Sherbet and a hint of ruderalis, Rainbow Sherbet Auto offers a wide range of flavours, effects and more. This 70% indica-dominant strain reaches considerable THC levels (24%) and is suitable for both experienced growers and those taking their first steps in the world of cannabis cultivation. Growbox and Air System - Secret Jardin DS120w + fans + Exhaust fans and filters DF16 kit Light - Viparspectra P2000 https://www.viparspectra.com/products/viparspectra%C2%AE-2024-updated-p2000-200w-led-grow-light-with-daisy-chain-function ---- www.zamnesia.com
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Overview of my grow: Tent: Secret Jardin DS120 4 x 4 (120 cm by 120 cm) Lights: 2 x 120 Watt CTlite c4 clusterled Climat: Trotec Dehumidifyer 240 watt- 10L/24h Filter: Prima Klima carbon filter PK2600 fan: 2 x Secret Jardin 20watt osc. fan Pots: Gronest 4 x 11 liter airpots Water : automated water system PH: bluelab Nutrients: Plagron cocos A + B Plagron PK 13/14 ATA cal/mag Epsom salt no rights to music in the videos Week 9 Very nice week where buds where fattening up. The smell of this plant is very special, it is very hard to explain what i'm smelling other then i can say it is complex and very delicious. Also she is very sticky at this stage and that is what the glue is about offcourse. The stems are not that stable so buds are a little bit collapsing and i had to take care to bring her out. After putting her back in the tent again, i had to support her a bit with a jojo. Next week i give her a final push and she will soon be ready. Thanks for checking 😋
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@Jacks_Pot
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The 3th week of 12/12 is history and flowering has entered the grow room. 😋 I marked day 53 (day 17 of 12/12) as the first day of actual flowering. Everyday I've checked if there were fungus gnats trapped on the yellow sticky traps and I've spotted a few. So not a total infestation. I've also checked for signs of hermies and I haven't seen any. I've had one a few years ago and it pretty much ruined the whole grow. Seeds everywhere. But that was another breeder and strain. Under the screen I did some final pruning and above a minor defoilation. The Runtz are stretching nicely and the screen is filled pretty much like I wanted it to. Gonna leave them alone now, done with bending those shoots under the screen. This weeks temperatures stayed between 20,6°C (69°F) and 24,2 °C (75,5°F) and humidity levels between 44 – 56 % Light pressure was raised from 244 watt at 70cm (27 inch) to 260 watt at 63cm (25 inch). Their diet consisted of ph adjusted tapwater (ph 6,38 – ec 0,49) most of the week. They were barely fed for 1 day. Gonna keep it that way as long as I don't see any signals of shortages or surpluses. Naturally, ec leves will rise next week but one day of feeding seems enough for now. Smell is coming in slightly, but the CAN-lite carbon filter is doing it's job. There's a 600m³ one hanging in the grow room connected to a 550m³ Airfan foam softbox that's dimmed at 40% since the start of this grow. That was the most important info for this week. Up to next week's flowers!✋ Do you want to grow this strain? 👉 https://www.zamnesia.com/6000-zamnesia-seeds-runtz-feminized.html 👈
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Great week! I got some surprisly wonderful grow from my babies :) Today 03.11 i bend them a bit to expose them to the light, the blueberry and the gorilla are answering well, but the amnesia and the sweet zz are still small but the sweet zz is showing some pistils so I think I will grow a sort of bonsai 😂 Still curious how they will react to some enchanced water, tomorrow! 5.11 The plants react very well to the enchanced water, but I got a small problem with the humidity: sometimes it drops to 45-50%. Dunno why, sometimes I spray some water on them to keep them moist and happy 😇 7.11 Today I discovered that I could dimm the light! It’s SO BRIGHT right now! The famiglia is growing well, the Gorilla Glue is much bigger than the others, while the Sweet ZZ decided to stay at bonsai-level :/ 8.11 God created sunday for taking a break. I use my sundays to take care about my automatic famiglia! From now I’m pumping a bit more the two bonsais, while the others will grow as usual. The light is more bright than ever, the conditions are perfect! I even added a pot of catnip for the guardian of the growbox, since he’s curious and sometimes sneak into it while I’m refilling the water..
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@Biglskin
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2 of them really starting to cannibalise all their fan leaves.. on day 56 and wanted to make day 70. Not sure if I should cut down a few now or let them all keep going til the end. Got the gnats under control. Days are going by very slowly 😆 3 different genres of music to go with each strain haha. Smells are out of this world when I unzip the tent! 24k and sour kosher all smelling gassy with lots of earthy undertones and the gelato just smells straight gasoline.
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Week 2 of flower is in the books and all 3 girls are looking extremely healthy. Perfect time to start packing on the weight. There are tons if bud sites that will get tons of light due to all the defoliation I've done. I've never defiliated plants this much before and I'm curious to see the difference in bud production below the canopy level. I love trying new things and experimenting with these plants. Always coming up with new ideas on how to do things and making things easier along the way. Can't wait to see how much I'll get off all 3 and see the difference in phenotypes.
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@Hologram
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Goodday growmies, Fire is growing slowly but very well..the nights are very cold (chilly) and the weather is still a bit unstable (temp range from 15-24C @day and 7-11C @night..) But on my garden table its always nice, when the clouds are gone, standing in the sun..😎👍 the pix are made in very early sunlight.. when its still chilly thats why her leaves are a bit curled down(i watered her yesterday, she is just waking up..😳) those will straighten up today, i promise 😇 (as u can see, leaves arealready curling in.. just by standing in sun for 15 minutes) I have sprayed her with neemoil-mix on 15-05 (8ml neemoil, with a bit of detergent so it sticks better(3 squeezes or something) and with 0.7 ltr luke warm water) Bc there are a lot of parasites on the loose..😡✊ a LOT of small spiders in my garden too i have to remove rags and strings a few times a day..or else she will be webbed in in a day!👹 outdoor growing is always challenging bc just have to share it all with nature.. (sigh) But i am @ home all day.. so lets GET IT ON!✊ happy growing for all 👊
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Buds looking denses, they are sticky and there’s a powerful sour smell !! I made a good defoliation on this tent
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@MrStryker
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Well everything will be done come Sunday I did stick another runtz in 48 hours darkness she was begging to go stink my seeet smelling girl she was the others Friday I’ll switch the whole tent off for48 hours and that’s that will be starting another grow up after I clean everything up stay tuned for harvest photos and weights happy growing
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@nonick123
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Día 69 (25/03) Gorilla Cookies FF muestra una ligera necrosis... me preocupa... Día 70 (26/03) Necrosis en Gorilla Cookies muy avanzada en solo 2 días. Hablo con el gran @dogdoctorofficial y me hace ver que estoy regando mal... He dejado que se seque demasiado el sustrato! (como en la fase vegetativa) Y la Gorilla Cookies FF al ser la planta más grande y que más agua pide, está demasiado sedienta... Voy a modificar los patrones de riego para que el problema no persista en Gorilla Cookies FF ni aparezca en las otras plantas! Riego 0,5 Litro H20 sin nutrientes. TDS 225 PPMs - pH 6,6 Día 71 (27/03) Riego 1,25 Litro H20 + Wholly Base 3 ml/l + Solid Green 1,75 ml/l + Early Flower 0,75 ml/l + Big Bloom 1,5 ml/l de Gen1:11 TDS 1150 PPMs - pH 6,2 Día 72 (28/03) La necrosis en Gorilla Cookies FF se ha detenido 😁 y las flores siguen creciendo Observa alguna mancha de necrosis también en Wedding Cheesecake FF y decido a subir un poco la lámpara Ahora el PPFD en apical es de unos 830 PPFD Día 73 (29/03) Riego 0,5 Litro H20 sin nutrientes. TDS 225 PPMs - pH 6,6 Día 74 (30/03) Riego 1,25 Litro H20 + Wholly Base 3 ml/l + Solid Green 1,75 ml/l + Early Flower 0,75 ml/l + Big Bloom 1,5 ml/l de Gen1:11 TDS 1150 PPMs - pH 6,2 Día 75 (31/03) Detecto una ligera necrosis en Purple Lemonade FF y en Wedding Cheesecake FF. Voy a aumentar un poco la distancia de la lámpara para tener un DLI de 37, por si fuese estrés por luz. 💦Nutrients by Gen1:11 - www.genoneeleven.com 🌱Substrate PRO-MIX HP BACILLUS + MYCORRHIZAE - www.pthorticulture.com/en/products/pro-mix-hp-biostimulant-plus-mycorrhizae
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I’ve had an excellent experience with this cut throughout the last couple of diaries catalogued here, still got some seeds in the vault if I ever feel the need to revisit, but for now, I am satisfied with my work with this strain.
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So the first full week since germinated and putting into final pots has gone by. The stems are looking very weak and thin and one plant actually toppled over. I ended up adding more soil around it to support it better. Not sure what this is due to? I have only been giving plants tap water around 6.8 PH and only when dry up to first knuckle.. which I check normally once in morning and at night. Light schedule is 19/5. Will be changing to 18/6 once my new lights come in. Been running a 19W led strip about 10-12” away from pots. Good airflow to help strengthen stems and not sure what is going on with the leaves discoloring and whatnot. Any tips or advice as to what’s going on??
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@MG2009
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05/30/2019 What a week she responded well to the 12 - 12 light cycle flip and is in BEAST mode , check out last weeks pic before the light change to 12 - 12 she is lower than the green cross brace in background after 1 week she's made great progress, this week start defoiliating and watching for real flowers to start building up.
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Bajando las horas de exposición de luz , pasamos a floración neta ! Al fin ! Largo trayecto con estas preciosas ! Salimos del stress 🙌🏼🔥 #480w #SAMSUNGQUANTUMBOARDS @leds.mk @eva_seeds Leyendo e investigando , pasando a la realidad y al papel ideas y proyección ... Te amo sol y tierra , nada más! Te agradezco por un día más en este bello paraíso. . . . . . . . #seguimientoMKLED #cannabisfamily #420 #420weed #greenwolvesfarmer #weedchile #weedgrower #cultivoindoor #cultivointerior #indoorgarden #cannabischile #cannabissociety #cultivamedicina #medicinanatural #420family #420time #chilecultiva #nomaspresosporplantar #growdiaries #growdiary #cannabisgrowers #quantumboard #samsungquantumboards #480w #quantumboards #seguimientoMKLED #comunidadcannabica #cannabiscomunity
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@DreamIT
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🐩👤Sirius Black👤🐩 by 🌍🌱WeedSeedsExpress🌱🌍 👤 26.1 ... 👤 27.1 We enter the heart of the vegetative phase. the seed has not yet wanted to detach but it is also fine hanging there where it is: p 👤 28.1 ... 👤 29.1 ... 👤 30.1 ... 👤 31.1 ... 👤 1.2 It is a few weeks old but already proves resistant. The lamp works beautifully, I see the results day after day with plants already in bloom. Compared to the previous lamp always make it bloom even faster in terms of time. Can't wait to try the XS series ____________________________________________________ 👀Are you looking for a good lamp to start?👀 Viparspectra in my opinion has something more than the others, take a look at their site. ➡️ http://bit.ly/pro-seriesproductspro-series-p1500 ⏩Use " GDVIP " for an extra discount💯 ____________________________________________________________________________________ 📜👀 A look at the details of what I'm growing 👀📜 🐩👤Sirius Black👤🐩 by 🌍🌱WeedSeedsExpress🌱🌍 📋 Details 📋 ⚧ Gender ▪️ Feminised ➰ Genes ▪️ 70% Indica / 30% Sativa 🎄 Genetics ▪️ Sirius Black 🚜Harvest ▪️ 450 g / m² 🌷Flowering ▪️ 63 - 70 days ✨THC ▪️ 25.0% ✅CBD ▪️ 0.5% 🏡Room Type ▪️ Indoor 🌄Room Type ▪️ Outdoor 🕋Room Type ▪️ Greenhouse 🎂Release Year ▪️ 2020 ____________________________________________________________________________________ 👀📷 Follow the best photos on instagram 📷👀 https://www.instagram.com/dreamit420/ 🔻Leave a comment with your opinions if you pass by here🔻 🤟🤗💚Thanks and Enjoy growth 💚🤗🤟
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This week has been great! Germination on all 4 Pre 98 Bubbas and 2 Dirty Blondes was a success!! We planted them in there pots an through out the week we gave em each a very light spray down of pure water phd at 6.5 and by Friday they all popped out the soil Let’s go!!!!! Next week we will start light feed on nutrients , so y’all keep them eyes peeled for next updates an I appreciate y’all for following my grow !!😶‍🌫️💨💨💨🙏🏻💚💯🤙🏻
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Well it finally happened, the girls have outgrown the 4x4! Was mid week and was having a hard time keeping humidity below 65%. Thought of defoliating, but can't keep doing that weekly or it will shock them sooner than later. So I decided to move the front left plant to the 3x3 under the Photontek SQ300W, giving the girls in the 4x4 some much needed breathing room. Set about retraining the plants to maximise space in the big tent, and then flattened out the lonely girl in the 3x3. Crazy enough the 4x4 still looks full by end of week, and the one by itself is getting close to filling the 3x3! This could be a pretty big grow by the time we finish 🤞. Have the solo plant running on the older Autopot valves with 6mm hose, and already had one clogging issue. Seems really early on, in past would take 2-3 weeks so thinking maybe I didn't have the lines 100% clean to start. Either way easy fix just blow out the clog and flush the lines with a liter or so and back in business. Always remember to flush the on/off valve as well as the main valve in the tray. Otherwise raised the lights in 4x4 to their max height (5" from roof) and took all the slack out of the cables to keep them off the lights. Adjusted the ties on last day of the week, but things seem pretty set now in the big tent so will just be widening out the lone girl once she grows a bit more. I'm sure by end of week that tent will be packed as well!
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1/30/2023 - Day 28: beginning of week 4. All plants are doing great. They all seemed to react great to the first topping. The two Grand Prix are definitely more stretchy. The Ice Bath and Frozen White Runtz already have some nice braching starting, but they have a slight droop today. Think I may have slightly over watered. I'll give them all a few days to dry down. Will be transplanting into their final 3x3 bed in another week or two. Just chopped and dropped the cover crop last week, so letting that mulch in a bit first. 2/1/2023 - Day 30 veg: mov3d the plants into the 3x3, but just placed them on top of the bed for now. Foliar fed all four plants with 6.5 ph water and Pure Protein Dry. 2/2/2023 - Day 31: watered with a mix of ThermX-70, Rootwise Mycrobe Complete, FishShit, BuildASoil Big 6, Rootwise Bio-Catalyst, and Yah-Whey. 2/3/2023 - Day 32: started my weekly IPM. Foliar spayed each plant with warm water mixed with Tweetmint Plant Wash. Also, the droop I was experiencing the other day, which I thought was the plants being thirsty, may have been something else. I think they might be slightly overwatered. They still have been drooping and the growth seems to have slowed. Letting them dry out more before I water again. I would like them to be a little healthier before transplanting again. 2/5/2023 - Day 34: all the pots were feeling light today, so I watered all 4. Water was a ph of 6.5, mixed with Jay Plantspeaker Quillaja Extract, Yah-Whey, and FishShit. I also checked the roots before watering and they are ready to transplant. I did not have enough time today, but plan to get then into the 3x3 bed next week.
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Lacewings seemed to have mostly killed themselves by flying into hot light fixtures. I may have left the UV on which was smart of me :) Done very little to combat if anything but make a sea of carcasses, on the bright side its good nutrition for the soil. Made a concoction of ethanol 70%, equal parts water, and cayenne pepper with a couple of squirts of dish soap. Took around an hour of good scrubbing the entire canopy. Worked a lot more effectively and way cheaper. Scorched earth right now, but it seems to have wiped them out almost entirely very pleased. Attempted a "Fudge I Missed" for the topping. So just time to wait and see how it goes. Question? If I attached a plant to two separate pots but it was connected by rootzone, one has a pH of 7.5 ish the other has 4.5. Would the Intelligence of the plant able to dictate each pot separately to uptake the nutrients best suited to pH or would it still try to draw nitrogen from a pot with a pH where nitrogen struggles to uptake? Food for stoner thought experiments! Another was on my mind. What happens when a plant gets too much light? Well, it burns and curls up leaves. That's the heat radiation, let's remove excess heat, now what? I've always read it's just bad, or not good, but when I look for an explanation on a deeper level it's just bad and you shouldn't do it. So I did. How much can a cannabis plant absorb, 40 moles in a day, ok I'll give it 60 moles. 80 nothing bad ever happened. The answer, finally. Oh great........more questions........ Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are molecules capable of independent existence, containing at least one oxygen atom and one or more unpaired electrons. "Sunlight is the essential source of energy for most photosynthetic organisms, yet sunlight in excess of the organism’s photosynthetic capacity can generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) that lead to cellular damage. To avoid damage, plants respond to high light (HL) by activating photophysical pathways that safely convert excess energy to heat, which is known as nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ) (Rochaix, 2014). While NPQ allows for healthy growth, it also limits the overall photosynthetic efficiency under many conditions. If NPQ were optimized for biomass, yields would improve dramatically, potentially by up to 30% (Kromdijk et al., 2016; Zhu et al., 2010). However, critical information to guide optimization is still lacking, including the molecular origin of NPQ and the mechanism of regulation." What I found most interesting was research pointing out that pH is linked to this defense mechanism. The organism can better facilitate "quenching" when oversaturated with light in a low pH. Now I Know during photosynthesis plants naturally produce exudates (chemicals that are secreted through their roots). Do they have the ability to alter pH themselves using these excretions? Or is that done by the beneficial bacteria? If I can prevent reactive oxygen species from causing damage by "too much light". The extra water needed to keep this level of burn cooled though, I must learn to crawl before I can run. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are key signaling molecules that enable cells to rapidly respond to different stimuli. In plants, ROS plays a crucial role in abiotic and biotic stress sensing, integration of different environmental signals, and activation of stress-response networks, thus contributing to the establishment of defense mechanisms and plant resilience. Recent advances in the study of ROS signaling in plants include the identification of ROS receptors and key regulatory hubs that connect ROS signaling with other important stress-response signal transduction pathways and hormones, as well as new roles for ROS in organelle-to-organelle and cell-to-cell signaling. Our understanding of how ROS are regulated in cells by balancing production, scavenging, and transport has also increased. In this Review, we discuss these promising developments and how they might be used to increase plant resilience to environmental stress. Temperature stress is one of the major abiotic stresses that adversely affect agricultural productivity worldwide. Temperatures beyond a plant's physiological optimum can trigger significant physiological and biochemical perturbations, reducing plant growth and tolerance to stress. Improving a plant's tolerance to these temperature fluctuations requires a deep understanding of its responses to environmental change. To adapt to temperature fluctuations, plants tailor their acclimatory signal transduction events, specifically, cellular redox state, that are governed by plant hormones, reactive oxygen species (ROS) regulatory systems, and other molecular components. The role of ROS in plants as important signaling molecules during stress acclimation has recently been established. Here, hormone-triggered ROS produced by NADPH oxidases, feedback regulation, and integrated signaling events during temperature stress activate stress-response pathways and induce acclimation or defense mechanisms. At the other extreme, excess ROS accumulation, following temperature-induced oxidative stress, can have negative consequences on plant growth and stress acclimation. The excessive ROS is regulated by the ROS scavenging system, which subsequently promotes plant tolerance. All these signaling events, including crosstalk between hormones and ROS, modify the plant's transcriptomic, metabolomic, and biochemical states and promote plant acclimation, tolerance, and survival. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of the ROS, hormones, and their joint role in shaping a plant's responses to high and low temperatures, and we conclude by outlining hormone/ROS-regulated plant-responsive strategies for developing stress-tolerant crops to combat temperature changes. Onward upward for now. Next! Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is an energy-carrying molecule known as "the energy currency of life" or "the fuel of life," because it's the universal energy source for all living cells.1 Every living organism consists of cells that rely on ATP for their energy needs. ATP is made by converting the food we eat into energy. It's an essential building block for all life forms. Without ATP, cells wouldn't have the fuel or power to perform functions necessary to stay alive, and they would eventually die. All forms of life rely on ATP to do the things they must do to survive.2 ATP is made of a nitrogen base (adenine) and a sugar molecule (ribose), which create adenosine, plus three phosphate molecules. If adenosine only has one phosphate molecule, it’s called adenosine monophosphate (AMP). If it has two phosphates, it’s called adenosine diphosphate (ADP). Although adenosine is a fundamental part of ATP, when it comes to providing energy to a cell and fueling cellular processes, the phosphate molecules are what really matter. The most energy-loaded composition for adenosine is ATP, which has three phosphates.3 ATP was first discovered in the 1920s. In 1929, Karl Lohmann—a German chemist studying muscle contractions—isolated what we now call adenosine triphosphate in a laboratory. At the time, Lohmann called ATP by a different name. It wasn't until a decade later, in 1939, that Nobel Prize–-winner Fritz Lipmann established that ATP is the universal carrier of energy in all living cells and coined the term "energy-rich phosphate bonds."45 Lipmann focused on phosphate bonds as the key to ATP being the universal energy source for all living cells, because adenosine triphosphate releases energy when one of its three phosphate bonds breaks off to form ADP. ATP is a high-energy molecule with three phosphate bonds; ADP is low-energy with only two phosphate bonds. The Twos and Threes of ATP and ADP Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) becomes adenosine diphosphate (ADP) when one of its three phosphate molecules breaks free and releases energy (“tri” means “three,” while “di” means “two”). Conversely, ADP becomes ATP when a phosphate molecule is added. As part of an ongoing energy cycle, ADP is constantly recycled back into ATP.3 Much like a rechargeable battery with a fluctuating state of charge, ATP represents a fully charged battery, and ADP represents a "low-power mode." Every time a fully charged ATP molecule loses a phosphate bond, it becomes ADP; energy is released via the process of ATP becoming ADP. On the flip side, when a phosphate bond is added, ADP becomes ATP. When ADP becomes ATP, what was previously a low-charged energy adenosine molecule (ADP) becomes fully charged ATP. This energy-creation and energy-depletion cycle happens time and time again, much like your smartphone battery can be recharged countless times during its lifespan. The human body uses molecules held in the fats, proteins, and carbohydrates we eat or drink as sources of energy to make ATP. This happens through a process called hydrolysis . After food is digested, it's synthesized into glucose, which is a form of sugar. Glucose is the main source of fuel that our cells' mitochondria use to convert caloric energy from food into ATP, which is an energy form that can be used by cells. ATP is made via a process called cellular respiration that occurs in the mitochondria of a cell. Mitochondria are tiny subunits within a cell that specialize in extracting energy from the foods we eat and converting it into ATP. Mitochondria can convert glucose into ATP via two different types of cellular respiration: Aerobic (with oxygen) Anaerobic (without oxygen) Aerobic cellular respiration transforms glucose into ATP in a three-step process, as follows: Step 1: Glycolysis Step 2: The Krebs cycle (also called the citric acid cycle) Step 3: Electron transport chain During glycolysis, glucose (i.e., sugar) from food sources is broken down into pyruvate molecules. This is followed by the Krebs cycle, which is an aerobic process that uses oxygen to finish breaking down sugar and harnesses energy into electron carriers that fuel the synthesis of ATP. Lastly, the electron transport chain (ETC) pumps positively charged protons that drive ATP production throughout the mitochondria’s inner membrane.2 ATP can also be produced without oxygen (i.e., anaerobic), which is something plants, algae, and some bacteria do by converting the energy held in sunlight into energy that can be used by a cell via photosynthesis. Anaerobic exercise means that your body is working out "without oxygen." Anaerobic glycolysis occurs in human cells when there isn't enough oxygen available during an anaerobic workout. If no oxygen is present during cellular respiration, pyruvate can't enter the Krebs cycle and is oxidized into lactic acid. In the absence of oxygen, lactic acid fermentation makes ATP anaerobically. The burning sensation you feel in your muscles when you're huffing and puffing during anaerobic high-intensity interval training (HIIT) that maxes out your aerobic capacity or during a strenuous weight-lifting workout is lactic acid, which is used to make ATP via anaerobic glycolysis. During aerobic exercise, mitochondria have enough oxygen to make ATP aerobically. However, when you're out of breath and your cells don’t have enough oxygen to perform cellular respiration aerobically, the process can still happen anaerobically, but it creates a temporary burning sensation in your skeletal muscles. Why ATP Is So Important? ATP is essential for life and makes it possible for us to do the things we do. Without ATP, cells wouldn't be able to use the energy held in food to fuel cellular processes, and an organism couldn't stay alive. As a real-world example, when a car runs out of gas and is parked on the side of the road, the only thing that will make the car drivable again is putting some gasoline back in the tank. For all living cells, ATP is like the gas in a car's fuel tank. Without ATP, cells wouldn't have a source of usable energy, and the organism would die. Eating a well-balanced diet and staying hydrated should give your body all the resources it needs to produce plenty of ATP. Although some athletes may slightly improve their performance by taking supplements or ergonomic aids designed to increase ATP production, it's debatable that oral adenosine triphosphate supplementation actually increases energy. An average cell in the human body uses about 10 million ATP molecules per second and can recycle all of its ATP in less than a minute. Over 24 hours, the human body turns over its weight in ATP. You can last weeks without food. You can last days without water. You can last minutes without oxygen. You can last 16 seconds at most without ATP. Food amounts to one-third of ATP production within the human body.